Validity and Readability Test for the Development of PBL-Based UKBM Teaching Materials on the Physics of the Human Circulatory System is Oriented Towards Students' Critical Thinking

Indonesia's scientific literacy ability is low with a score of 389. This can indicate the critical thinking skills junior high school students. To improve be done by innovating learning tools. For this reason, research was conducted using R&D method to develop UKBM which help students achieve mastery. part In study, prepared based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) physics human circulatory system. So that it used in enrich their knowledge oriented towards skills. The model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). during Covid-19 virus pandemic, so there has been no effectiveness test. validity obtained through validation Education Study Program lecturers at FMIPA UM science teachers SMPN 8 Malang. readability test carried out 31 Malang grades 9E 9F who had received material percentage product 85.41% 87.98%. these results, PBL-based Physics Human Circulatory System Oriented Critical Thinking Skills declared valid passed